Online analysis has been widely developed to monitor the chemistry or the physics on batch or
continuous processes. One of the major issues concerns the sampling part to integrate the analyt-
ical solution into the process. Optical spectroscopy is one of the most used technologies as it can
be implemented directly inline and does not necessary required a sampling loop to adapt the...
Process analytic technologies (PAT) are routinely used to rapidly assess quality properties in many
industrial sectors. The performance of PAT-based models is, however, highly related to their
ability to pre-process the spectra and select key wavebands. Amongst the modeling methodolo-
gies for PAT, partial least squares (PLS) (Wold, Sjöström and Eriksson, 2001) and interval partial
least...
Design of experiments for process scale-up can be described as a double-edged sword for the phar-
maceutical industry: intensification of experiments expands the knowledge of the process (uncer-
tainty reduction) but increases resource expenditure. On the other hand, moving forward without
enough process understanding is the first stone in a path of deviations, lack of quality, and...